$Title Chapter 4 (Fig. 4.6) $Title Mathematical formulation of the RAM model and the corresponding GAMS code $onText If using this code, please cite: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Emrouznejad, A., P. Petridis, and V. Charles (2023). Data Envelopment Analysis with GAMS: A Handbook on Productivity Analysis, and Performance Measurement, Springer, ISBN: 978-3-031-30700-3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Website: https://dataenvelopment.com/GAMS/ $offText Sets j DMUs /DMU1*DMU10/ g Inputs and Outputs /ProdCost, TrnCost, HoldInv, SatDem, Rev/ i(g) Inputs /ProdCost, TrnCost, HoldInv/ r(g) Outputs /SatDem, Rev/; alias(jj,j); alias(k,jj); Table Data(j,g) Data for inputs and outputs ProdCost TrnCost HoldInv SatDem Rev DMU1 0.255 0.161 0.373 20 2.64 DMU2 0.98 0.248 0.606 6 5.29 DMU3 0.507 0.937 0.749 17 2.43 DMU4 0.305 0.249 0.841 2 8.99 DMU5 0.659 0.248 0.979 19 2.94 DMU6 0.568 0.508 0.919 17 0.75 DMU7 0.583 0.628 0.732 17 6.36 DMU8 0.627 0.675 0.738 10 7.2 DMU9 0.772 0.657 0.486 9 2.16 DMU10 0.917 0.639 0.234 8 7.3; Variables efficiency objective function for RAM model Lambda(j) dual weights (Lambda values) sminus(i) slacks assigned to inputs splus(r) slacks assigned to outputs; Nonnegative variables Lambda(j) sminus(i) splus(r); Parameters DMU_data(g) slice of data eff(j) optimal values objective function slice_theta(i) slice of efficiency for second stage of non-radial model lamres(j,j) peers for each DMU slacks(j,g) slacks for inputs and outputs Rminus(i) range for inputs i Rplus(r) range for outputs r m cardinal of set of inputs s cardinal of set of outputs ; Rminus(i)=smax(j,Data(j,i))- smin(j,Data(j,i)); Rplus(r)=smax(j,Data(j,r))- smin(j,Data(j,r)); m=CARD(i); s=CARD(r); Equations OBJ objective function CON1(i) input duals CON2(r) output dual CON3(i) upper bound for input slack CON4(r) upper bound for output slack CON5 VRS; OBJ.. efficiency=E=1-1/(m+s)*{SUM(i,sminus(i)/Rminus(i))+SUM(r,splus(r)/Rplus(r))}; CON1(i).. SUM(j, Lambda(j)*Data(j,i))+sminus(i)=E=DMU_data(i); CON2(r).. SUM(j, Lambda(j)*Data(j,r))-splus(r)=E=DMU_data(r); CON3(i).. sminus(i)=L=Rminus(i); CON4(r).. splus(r)=L=Rplus(r); CON5.. SUM(j, Lambda(j))=E=1; model RAM Range Adjusted Measure model / OBJ, CON1, CON2, CON3, CON4, CON5/; loop(jj, DMU_data(g) = Data(jj,g); solve RAM using LP maximizing efficiency; eff(jj)=efficiency.l; loop(k, Lamres(jj,k)=Lambda.l(k); ); ); Execute_unload